The Goods on GERD

If you suffer from repeated bouts of heartburn, you may have a potentially serious condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter does not function properly and stomach acid leaks back, or refluxes, up into the esophagus, resulting in pain and irritation.

Symptoms of GERD include the following:

• Persistent "heartburn" (described as an acid, burning, or sour discomfort in the chest or sometimes in the throat), often worse after a big meal and when reclining or lying down
• Chest pain (If you have pain in the chest, neck, or jaw, don't assume it's related to reflux. It's important to seek medical attention for any severe or persistent chest pain, especially in people with cardiovascular disease risk factors!)
• Hoarseness in the morning
• Trouble swallowing
• A choking sensation

While it can affect anyone, GERD is seen more commonly in adults who are overweight or obese, pregnant, frequently overeat, or drink alcohol excessively. Certain foods can worsen GERD symptoms, including citrus fruits, chocolate, drinks containing caffeine, fatty and fried foods, spicy foods, garlic and onions, and tomato sauce.

When GERD is mild or infrequent, lifestyle changes like losing excess weight, eating smaller meals, eliminating tobacco and reducing or avoiding alcohol use, avoiding trigger foods, wearing loose-fitting clothing, not lying down for at least three hours after a meal, and elevating the head of your bed can help. In more severe cases, prescription or nonprescription medications or, rarely, surgery may be necessary.

If you suspect you may have GERD, talk to your doctor about your symptoms, especially if they are severe or persistent. Because the acid refluxing into your esophagus can lead to permanent damage over time, it isn't something you want to ignore.